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Oral history interview with Moshe Alpan Oral History Moshe Alpan born Moshe Elefant discusses the antisemitism in Vranov, Slovakia before the war; joining Hashomer Hatzair; the anti-Jewish measures and violence; the disbelief of his community at what was happening; becoming active in the Zionist movement as a way to help; organizing the Hashomer Hatzair underground movement in Budapest, Hungary in February ; the German occupation of Budapest in March ; the Jewish resistance groups; partisan rescue missions; working with the communist underground movement; helping Polish Jews cross into Slovakia; his emotional responses to the events; immigrating to Israel in July ; and his philosophical ideas about heroism, being a victim, and resistance. Peretz Revess, born in in Prostitutes Nowa Sol HoriceAustro-Hungary now Czech Republicdescribes his family, education, and encounters with antisemitism; becoming a leader of the Maccabi movement in Bratislava, Czechoslovakia Slovakia ; how when the Nazis came to power, Peretz's family arranged to escape to Budapest, Hungary; hiding Prostitutes Silkeborg various locations Prostitutes Nowa Sol Hungary and assisting Joel Brandt in saving others; being liberated and assisting in bringing food to children's homes in Budapest; running the office responsible for children's homes and being responsible for over children; how most of the budget came from the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee; immigrating to Israel and settling in a kibbutz; and the trial of Rudolf Kastner.

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Safe options are dwindling for sex workers under the controversial sex trafficking bill. Switter is helping — for now. Landingham sol, P. By signing up Prostitutes Nowa Sol are agreeing to our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Thank you! Shmuel Hacohen, born in Amsterdam, Netherlands on July 7,discusses his extended family, most of whom were murdered; the food restrictions at the beginning of the war, National Socialism in Holland, and mobilization of the Dutch army; life in Prostitutes Nowa Sol after the German invasion, including activities of the Judenrat; how in January the registration of Jews was organized by the Dutch Interior Ministry; being transported to Westerbork in April ; life in the camp, its hierarchy, hospital, concerts, and opera; his transport to Bergen Belsen; the changing conditions of the Prostitutes Nowa Sol during his time there; the liberation of the camp; being taken to Risa, north of Leipzig, to a Polish POW camp where he contracted typhoid fever; his return to Holland and the post-war antisemitism; and his immigration Prostitutes Nowa Sol Israel and his long period of adjustment to life in Israel.

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Chaim Hamer, born inin Dorna, South Bukovina, describes Jewish life in Dorna, including speaking Hebrew and being in youth movements; attending school and synagogues; antisemitism when Bukovina was taken by the Russians and retaken by the Romanians; his deportation to Mogilev Mahiliou, Belarus in ; joining a group of young Zionists in ; being ordered to go to Torchin to work in a coal mine; his return to Mogilev and his unsuccessful attempt to lead a group of orphans across the Dniester River; functions of the Judenrat in Mogilev and the Pechora camp; his enlistment with the Soviet Army, reaching Riga, Latvia and Smolensk, Russia; returning to Bucharest, Romania and working with youth groups assisting Jewish immigration to Palestine; and his immigration to Israel, meeting his wife, and life in the early stages of the State of Israel.

Avraham Hass, born in in Bukovina, Romania, describes his family of Hassidic farmers near the Polish border; life and survival in Ukrainian ghettos; the Judenrat and its uneven Prostitutes Nowa Sol of ghetto residents and its collaboration with authorities; his family's expulsion across the Dniester River to Mogilev-Podolskiy, Ukraine; returning home to Soziawa, Romania after liberation and subsequently going to Bucharest, Romania, where he made contact with Hashomer Hatzair, which organized his illegal immigration to Palestine; his detention in a camp in Famagusta, Cyprus; and joining the Haganah and smuggling inmates out of the camp.

Shalom Hertzberg, born in Bedzin, Poland, discusses his prosperous Zionist family; his daily Talmud studies; being an active member of the Zionist youth movement, Noar Zioni; being recruited to the Polish Army in ; being imprisoned by Germans in Krakow, Poland; being helped by non-Jews to get a German identity and to escape; the first Aktion on August 12, ; being sent to the Blechhammer camp; the death march of January ; liberation April 27, ; aiding American intelligence to get information from SS prisoners; returning to a normal life; establishing a Massuah in Israel; and early attitudes about the Holocaust in Israel.

Nechama Hochbaum, born in Stottz, Poland, discusses moving to Lachowicze, Poland Liakhavichy, Belarus in ; attending a Jewish high school in Baranovic until ; life under the Russian regime; the Germans entering the town at the start of the war and the positive reaction from Poles; working under the S. Juray Sveti Juraj ; joining the partisans; life under communist rule; and his immigration to Israel.

Yehoyakim Kochavi, born in, in Berlin, Prostitutes Nowa Sol, describes growing up in a non-traditional Jewish family, attending Jewish schools, and encountering antisemitism; being involved in Zionist activities as a young person; leaving for Palestine in to escape the Nazis; returning to Germany in Prostitutes Nowa Sol learning that his mother had committed suicide and his father had died during the war; living in Israel and not bringing up the past with his children.

Yehuda Arie Leo Koretz, born in Hamburg, Germany in Julydescribes his parents; the fates of family members; how in his father was appointed chief rabbi in Salonika ThessalonikeGreece; the implementation of the Nuremberg laws in Salonika in early ; the natural ghetto in Salonika; his family being taken to Baron de Prostitutes Nowa Sol camp, where they stayed until August 2, ; being deported to Bergen-Belsen; camp life of Belsen; life in the camp including his jobs, medical care, Prostitutes Nowa Sol the conditions; being evacuated towards the end of the war and Prostitutes Nowa Sol liberation by Soviet soldiers; returning to Salonika and immigration to Palestine; his post-war profession and family; and the rehabilitation of his father's reputation.

Edit Dita Prostitutes Nowa Sol, born in Prague, Czechoslovakia Czech Republic on July 12,describes her assimilated Jewish family; going into the Terezin Theresienstadt ghetto in ; participating in cultural activities in the ghetto, including operas, drawing and painting, and taking Prostitutes Nowa Sol lessons from Friedl Brandeis; the death of many of her older relatives in the ghetto; being sent to Auschwitz in Decemberwhere she thought about committing suicide; being moved to a work camp in Hamburg, Germany, where she removed debris of collapsed buildings and worked in distilleries along the Elba River; being Prostitutes Nowa Sol to another forced labor camp, Neugraben, then camp Tiefstock, and then to Bergen Belsen; her return to Prague; and her immigration to Israel.

Abraham Larva, born inin Siauliai, Lithuania, describes his pre-war life, including joining a Maccabi youth group and attempting to immigrate to Israel; the German entry into Siauliai; being taken to work at a mass burial of Soviet Prostitutes Nowa Sol escaping and working for a peasant, digging ditches at an Prostitutes Nowa Sol and working in a leather factory until ; being sent to work at a camp outside of the ghetto; returning to the ghetto, where he Prostitutes Nowa Sol in a tannery; life in the ghetto, including schools, songs, weddings, court, hospital, births, and abortions; escaping from the ghetto to the forest with a group of six; life in the forest and meeting with Lithuanian communists who gave them food and Prostitutes Nowa Sol being liberated and joining the Russian Army; returning to a burned-out Siauliai; going to the Landsberg displaced persons camp; receiving a visa from his aunt to go to the United States; and his family and life in Israel.

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Juergen Levenstein, born in Berlin, Germanydescribes joining a Hachshara Zionist group to prepare to immigrate to Israel; antisemitism in Berlin after ; the closing of the Hachsara group; working in a farm work group in Schnibichen then Grutens; his Prostitutes Nowa Sol to Birkeanu; going to Buna to work in the rubber factory; going to Zgoda to work in the cannon factory; being ill in Auschwitz; transferring to Monowitz to work in a factory; being transported to Mauthausen to avoid the oncoming Soviet forces; the liberation by the United States Army; walking to Linz, Austria; Prostitutes Nowa Sol hospitalized for a year with tuberculosis; immigrating to Israel; feelings about post-war Germany; and reflections on what occurred.

Chaim Levkowitz, born April 23, in Vlonia, Poland, describes the bombing of the town Prostitutes Nowa Sol 1, ; the creation of the ghetto; racial laws; the Judenrat; the Jewish police; moving to twelve camps; working in an ammunition factory; working on the Autostrada roadways; marching out of Prostitutes Nowa Sol as American forces approached; liberation by the Americans; and the effects and lessons of the Holocaust.

Azriel Levy, born Junedescribes his life and schooling in Kovno, Poland Kaunas, Lithuania ; the Soviet occupation; German occupation in June ; the creation of the ghetto; ghetto institutions and living; joining the partisan movement; getting caught and deported to Landsberg-am-Lech concentration camp in July ; escaping from a train to Dachau in April ; liberation by the Allies; immigrating to Palestine Israel ; and not discussing the Holocaust until the early s.

Eliezer Lidovski, born October 18, in Zhetel, Poland now Dziatlava, Belarusdiscusses the arrival of the Soviet troops; being identified as a leader of the Zionist movement; Prostitutes Nowa Sol and questioning by the NKVD People's Prostitutes Nowa Sol for Internal Affairs of the Soviet Union; being spared exile to Siberia; being cleared of all charges and his passport was returned; being caught by Germans in Minsk, Belarus; being sent to a military camp outside of Minsk; fleeing the camp; living in the Baranowice ghetto; living Prostitutes Nowa Sol partisans in Rovno, Poland Ukraine ; participating in the NAKAM the Jewish Avengers ; living in Italy with the Jewish Brigade; being caught by the British; internment in Cyprus; immigration to Israel; and adjustment Prostitutes Nowa Sol a new life.

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Yehoshua Lior, born in in Lachva LakhvaBelarus, describes Lachva and the Jewish community there; life under Soviet rule from to ; the Wehrmacht entering the city on June 8, and how they took all men fourteen years and older to work; the creation of the ghetto on Passover eve in ; his current mission to publicize the Lachva ghetto so that others will know about it; the resistance movement in the ghetto and its young leader, Yitzhak Rochzyn; the revolt during the night of September; his escape and encounters with partisans who were not willing to accept him and shot some escapees; the death of his family in the ghetto; joining the Red Army and moving through several countries after the war, including Cyprus; testifying at war crime trials; and immigrating to Palestine in Menashe Lorenzy, born in Prostitutes Nowa Sol, in Kluzh, Hungary Cluj-Napoca, Romaniadescribes his family and his twin sister, Lea; the persecution of Jews by Hungarians and Romanians; the large Jewish community in Kluzh; his father being sent to Prostitutes Nowa Sol forced labor; Prostitutes Nowa Sol Kastner family and the later Kastner trial; being ordered to go to the ghetto in Czilastnocho; the liquidation of the ghetto after two months and being sent with the other inmates to Auschwitz; being marched out Prostitutes Nowa Sol Birkenau to the forest where they were liberated by the Russian Army; going to Katowice, Poland, and was taken with Italian prisoners of war Prostitutes Nowa Sol Belarus to the Slutsk prison camp; his post-war life and family; and how his Holocaust experiences influenced his thinking about the wars in Israel.

Benjamin Maierchik, born in in Wloclawek, Poland, describes his pre-war family life and the Jewish community of Wloclawek; studying engineering to prepare for immigration to Israel and attending school in Warsaw; joining a Polish artillery unit; escaping and going to Mezerich; going to Brest, Belarus and his work there; moving to L'viv, Ukraine in Spring ; being arrested by the Soviets and sent to Rybinsk, where he was part of the project to build the port; Turgenievo camp; the conditions in Turgenievo; joining the Red Army in September and being sent to the Caucasus and Uzbekistan; joining the Free Polish Army; participating in actions in Smolensk, Russia, in the liberation of Warsaw and Poznan, and in a victory parade in Prague; Prostitutes Nowa Sol antisemitism; his journey to Palestine in ; and fighting in the Israeli War of Independence.

Yehuda Marshand, born in Amsterdam, Netherlands on September 27,describes his family; Prostitutes Nowa Sol childhood; working for a firm that imported metals; meeting his wife, Hetti, in ; the arrival of Jewish refugees from Germany in ; joining the Dutch Army and becoming an officer; how after the Germans occupied Holland, he met a woman in Amersfoort who was active in the underground and a nobleman who agreed to give him his name so he would have a new identity; living in hiding with a Christian family; going in to Groningen, where he had to give his documents to the manager of the hotel who had to give them to a German policeman; being captured and sent to 's-Hertogenbosch camp, where Yehuda worked for the Philips factory; being sent to Westerbork, and then Birkenau, Monowitz, Gleiwitz, Dora, and Nordhausen; his post-war life; and immigration to Israel.

Yosef Morgenshtern, born on July 8, in Subotica, Serbia, describes his family and living in Sremska Mitrovica; the German arrival on April 22,prior to which his father was then arrested and taken to a camp near Osijek; being arrested with his brother by the Ustashi; the family being taken to Zagreb, Croatia and put into prison; how his family had provided housing to two Jews who fled Germany in the s; being Prostitutes Nowa Sol to Gospic; being transported after 20 days to Jasenovac II and his work there; the atrocities at Jasenovac, where he was held for about two months; being sent to Stara Gradiska, where he and his brother were assigned to work at the 'economy,' farm work; witnessing the murder of his brother; his life after liberation, including spending three years with the partisans and having various jobs; and going to Prostitutes Nowa Sol in Shoshana Naor, born in Berlin, Germany indescribes her family; experiencing antisemitism; Kristallnacht; being sent by her family to Denmark where she stayed with a few different families in Copenhagen and in the Prostitutes Nowa Sol her correspondence with her parents and sister; the Prostitutes Nowa Sol underground moving her to Sweden where she Prostitutes Nowa Sol to study to become a nurse; specializing in midwifery; learning the fate of her mother from the Red Cross and trying to immigrate to Israel through Belgium and France; arriving in Haifa after an arduous journey, but not being allowed to disembark; being sent to Cyprus; eventually going to Palestine; and why she felt she survived.

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Eilie Ofner, born indiscusses her early life in a philanthropic Zionist family; her Prostitutes Nowa Sol studies; her life in Novi Sad, Yugoslavia after the German invasion and the massacre of Jews and Serbians in Novi Sad; meeting her husband and working to help refugees; Schimon Brod, a Turkish citizen and his help in rescue efforts; and the rescue of Romanian Jews. The recording ends with a group meeting between Miriam and her three adult children and includes their reaction to the tapes as well as a discussion of how the Holocaust experience affected the family.

Artur Posnanski, born on July 30,in Berlin, Germany, describes his family; being part of a Jewish organization ILI ; working for a Jewish Prostitutes Nowa Sol agency and taking children to Denmark in ; bringing 30 children to Sweden in ; saving his parents eight times from transports; going to Hafilberg in the province of Brandenburg in ; going back to Berlin, where he was conscripted into forced labor; his brother going to Palestine illegally; being transported to camp Monowitz a sub-camp of Auschwitz ; the bombing of his barracks by the English; Prostitutes Nowa Sol fever Prostitutes Nowa Sol the camp; selections in the camps; being moved to Buchenwald; being liberated and the condition of camp at the time of liberation; his post-war family life and immigration to Israel; and his views on post-war Germany.

Simon-Tov Razon, born in Salonika ThessalonikeGreece indescribes attending Jewish school; his neighborhood number ; being recruited into Prostitutes Nowa Sol Greek Army in ; being near the border of Bulgaria and in the mountains for 7 to 8 months in ; joining the partisans in ; obtaining a false identification card as a Christian with the name Simon Demandopolis; how their partisan base was in the caves in the mountains and there were women among their group; sabotaging the railroad stations; receiving orders to go to the villages and shoot so as to make it seem like they had large forces and thus encourage the farmers to join them; how his partisan division consisted of people, among them 10 to 15 Jews who got weapons and food from farmers; how after seven months after liberation he met friends from the Jewish Agency; his immigration to Israel; and his adaptation to that society.

Peretz Revess, born in in Horitz HoriceAustro-Hungary now Czech Republicdescribes his family, education, and encounters with antisemitism; becoming a leader of the Maccabi movement in Bratislava, Czechoslovakia Slovakia ; how when the Nazis came to power, Peretz's family arranged to escape to Budapest, Hungary; hiding in various locations in Hungary and assisting Joel Brandt in saving others; being liberated and assisting in bringing food to children's homes in Budapest; running the office responsible for children's homes and being responsible for over children; how most of the budget came from the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee; immigrating to Israel and settling in a kibbutz; and the trial of Rudolf Kastner.

Simcha Rotem, born in in Warsaw, Poland, describes his family and early life; experiencing antisemitism in school; joining the Akiva Zionist Prostitutes Nowa Sol movement; the first German decrees against Jews; being transferred to the Warsaw ghetto and living conditions inside the ghetto; life in the ghetto, Prostitutes Nowa Sol contact with friends, slave labor, and opportunities to trade for Prostitutes Nowa Sol with gentiles, the Judenrat, and on the black market; being involved in meetings of the resistance movement; going to Czerniakow; not being active in the first uprising; resistance activities and various hiding places; going to Krakow to contact partisan leader Michel Borwicz; the difficult conditions in Krakow prior to capture by the Red Army; and his illegal immigration to Palestine.

Gustav Schaumburger, born on December 6, in the small town Hlyboka, Ukraine; describes his family; his childhood; how in the Russians took back Bukovina, the Prostitutes Nowa Sol retreated, and how Prostitutes Nowa Sol affected daily life; how in May-June most Jews were ordered to move to a prescribed ghetto area; his family going to the Czernovitz Chernivtsi ghetto; life in the ghetto and having to forge and barter for food; being transferred to Mogilev-Podolsk, Ukraine; being liberated by partisans; the partisans distributing arms and ghetto conditions improving; the fates of his siblings; being recruited into the Red Army and sent to build an airport in Belarus; moving to Israel; and discussing his Holocaust experiences.

Yehoshua Shachar, born in in Debrecen, Hungary, describes his orthodox family; community life and incidents of antisemitism; the Germans entering Hungary in March ; the increasing restrictions imposed on the Jewish community; how his mother and her three sons were forced to pack and were pushed with others onto crowded trains; going to Vienna, Prostitutes Nowa Sol, where he worked in a school and in farms; being forced to march with thousands to Mauthausen; conditions in the camp; Kapos; being sent on a truck to Gunskirchen; liberation by Americans; escaping the camp when Russians took over and he returned to Vienna to contact the JOINT; finding his family in Debrecen on August Prostitutes Nowa Sol, ; his immigration to Palestine; and his Prostitutes Nowa Sol life and family in Israel.

Shlomo Shafir, born in Berlin, Germany indescribes being raised by his father and grandmother in Eitkoven, a small Prostitutes Nowa Sol in the Lithuanian Prostitutes Nowa Sol Prussian border; living with his father who moved to Kovno in ; the German take-over on June 22, and how antisemitism became much worse; moving to the ghetto with his father; editing and working on the underground news; mass killings in the ghetto; being deported with an aunt to Stutthof and then sent to Dachau on July 13, ; life in Dachau and his forced labor work; being transferred to Kaufering II and Kaufering I; continuing his extensive underground Zionist activities and even theater; their evacuation by train and march to the central Dachau camp; being liberated on May 2, and helped by villagers; going to Freimann displaced persons camp with the help of Jewish officers; spending Prostitutes Nowa Sol weeks in St.

Ottilien hospital; staying in Bergen Belsen displaced persons camp; and immigrating to Palestine in April Ze'ev Scheinwald, born in July in Sochaczew, Poland, describes his family; being a member of Betar; the outbreak of war; escaping temporarily to Warsaw, Poland but returning to Sochaczew; being expelled from Sochaczew in February ; life in the Warsaw ghetto; escaping from the ghetto and working for Polish peasants; going to the labor camp Skarzysko; being transferred to Buchenwald; being sent to Schlieben to work in the munitions factory; being liberated in Mauthausen; his immigration to Israel; and his disappointment with the reception of Holocaust survivors in Israel.

Amiel Shomroni, born in in Zagreb, Croatia, describes his family; joining the several youth movements, including Noar Echudi, Shomer Hatzair, and Bnei Akiba Bnei Akiva ; going to Palestine in but being sent back by the British; studying veterinary medicine; the Germans arrival in and his family being protected by General Kvatenik, who had been his father's patient; being arrested when the General was dismissed; how he, Prostitutes Nowa Sol wife, daughter, Prostitutes Nowa Sol father hid in a village near the Hungarian border; crossing the border and going by train to Budapest; getting papers to go to Szeged, Hungary; his immigration to Palestine through Romania and Turkey and via train through Syria; and his reflections on his experiences and why he believes he survived and others did not.

Avraham was hiding in Kovno when war broke out on June 22,and began to write his diary which he kept for three years. He describes life in the Kovno ghetto and life in hiding for four and a half months. He describes the escape route through Bucharest, Czechoslovakia, and Hungary, crossing the Austrian border and subsequently into Italy, where he became active in the illegal immigration movement. He arrived in Tel Aviv, Palestine, on October 17, ; he discusses his early years in Palestine, as well as the sequence of events that led to the publication of the Kovno Ghetto diary.

During the interview Mr. Zilber shows pictures of various ghetto resistance leaders. Dan Zimerman, born in Budapest, Hungary, indiscusses moving to Poprad, Czechoslovakia Slovakia ; his family; joining the Hashomer Hatzair and Hachsara; what they knew about the fate of European Jews in ; joining the Slovak Army in Prostitutes Nowa Sol traveling to Bratislava, Slovakia; his parents and two brothers escaping to Budapest, Hungary, and life there; his connections to the underground; making false papers; German invasion of Budapest March 19, ; escaping to Romania; hiding in Arad, Romania, and traveling throughout Europe to Haifa, Palestine Israel.

Pinchas Prostitutes Nowa Sol, born in Septemberin Baranow, Poland, discusses his early family life; the outbreak of war in September ; the establishment of the Judenrat and the ghetto; escaping from the ghetto and hiding on a farm for a week southwest of Baranow, Poland; leaving the farm and hiding in the forest until June ; travel to Kamionka, Poland, where he and his immediate family hid in an aunt's attic; escaping Prostitutes Nowa Sol Konskowola, Poland; returning to Baranow after being away for five months; hiding in the forest in Octobernext to Pogonow, Poland, until the end of the war; his father managing to buy a hiding place in the straw storage belonging to a Polish farmer where they remained for two months; building bunkers in the forest; contact with the PPR Polish workers party partisans; life in the forest; being shot in the leg in the forest; liberation by the Russians; traveling to Lublin, Poland, in September ; and his post-war reunion with an aunt.

Arie Zizamski, born in Pruzany, Poland present day Pruzhany, Belarusdiscusses his childhood; rising antisemitism; the invasion of Germans and withdraw of Soviets; the Judenrat and ghetto of Pruzany; arriving at Auschwitz-Birkeanu; going to Buna Monowitz ; going to Buchenwald; entering Czechoslovakia; going to the hospital in Terezin; going to a displaced persons camp in Landsberg and Bergen Belsen; going to Italy by Bricha; illegally migrating by boat to Palestine; Prostitutes Nowa Sol interned in Cyprus; and arriving in Israel in Alexander Avnon, born Alexander Silberstein March in Warsaw, Poland, discusses moving to Otwock, Poland ; life in the Warsaw ghetto ; being smuggled out of the ghetto; living with Prostitutes Nowa Sol Christian woman; traveling to Moscow, Soviet Union; being in jail for vagrancy; being sent to a Polish orphanage; returning to Warsaw in ; and immigrating to Palestine Israel.

Itzchak Dugin, born in Vilna VilniusLithuania indiscusses his family life; working as a printer until ; the Germans Prostitutes Nowa Sol in Vilna; enforcement of anti-Jewish laws; moving to ghetto II in Vilna; obtaining a work permit to leave the ghetto and working at a gasoline depot; being taken to a work Prostitutes Nowa Sol in Ponary; digging up corpses; escaping from Prostitutes Nowa Sol in small groups; and Prostitutes Nowa Sol up with and joining Russian partisans.

Avraham Kapitza, born in Tykocin, Poland, on June 6,discusses his family life; pre-war antisemitism; the Germans' Prostitutes Nowa Sol in ; the administration of Tykocin under German occupation; fleeing to Knyszyn, Poland, where he stayed Prostitutes Nowa Sol three weeks; fleeing to Jasionowka, Poland; ending up in the Bialystok ghetto; being taken to Blizin; being sent to Birkenau, where he would have been killed because he was infected with typhoid fever, had it not been for a Jewish commander; being taken to Sosnowiec Sosnowice then Mauthausen; being taken to Gunskirchen; being liberated by Americans; traveling to Budapest, Hungary, and Salzburg, Austria; and immigrating to Israel in Lea Fuchs Portnoy, born in Rafalovka, Ukraine indiscusses her family life; pre-war antisemitism; joining Jewish youth groups; the German entrance in ; life in the ghetto; escaping to the forest with her child; shelter given to her by Polish peasants; briefly joining the Prostitutes Nowa Sol in the forest; boarding various trains in the Prostitutes Nowa Sol of Russia; spending time in Kiev, Ukraine; working in an army kitchen; and attempts to return to Rafalovka, Ukraine.

Anka Rochman, born in Warsaw, Prostitutes Nowa Sol, discusses pre-war antisemitism; getting married in ; the beginning of war in ; life in the Warsaw ghetto; food shortages in the ghetto; her husband and a friend Prostitutes Nowa Sol two attached bunkers; hiding with 21 others during Prostitutes Nowa Sol hiding with her husband, his brother and sister, and others during the ghetto uprising; working in a battery factory in the Warsaw ghetto; a visit by Mordechai Anilevitch; the structure of bunkers and Prostitutes Nowa Sol storage in the Warsaw ghetto in January ; some leaving after the larger bunker was destroyed; using drains to obtain food from Poles; her husband negotiating with Poles who killed him; staying with her brother-in-law and sister-in-law in the drains for three more days; exiting to the house of a Pole who helped them; and the Polish uprising; and how she hid in the bunker for nine months and only she and her sister-in-law survived the war.

David Ruher, born on March 10,in Lublin, Poland, discusses his family life; imprisonment in Bereza-Kartuska, Poland Biaroza, Prostitutes Nowa Sol and the Rawicz prison in Rawicz, Poland, for Communist activities; building of the Prostitutes Nowa Sol in Lublin, Poland; finding refuge for his family in the colony of Czechowice, Poland; finding Prostitutes Nowa Sol on a farm in Melgiew, Poland; plans to go to Germany; being separated from his father; Prostitutes Nowa Sol to Lublin; contact with the underground in Lukow, Prostitutes Nowa Sol, in September ; witnessing the liquidation of the Jews of Lukow; returning to Lublin in ; reuniting with his brother and sister at the end of May ; and immigrating to Palestine before Vera Prostitutes Nowa Sol, born on May 20,in Prostitutes Nowa Sol, Czechoslovakia Uzhhorod, Ukrainedescribes her family; moving to Prague, Czech Republic when she was one-year old; the German entrance into Czechoslovakia in and her father's attempts to obtain Hungarian passports; moving to Budapest, Hungary through Vienna, Austria in ; teaching Prostitutes Nowa Sol and French to two sisters in Budapest; obtaining fake Swiss passports; moving into a protected house Prostitutes Nowa Sol the shores of the Danube in ; the Russian army's arrival; working at the newly opened Czech embassy in Budapest; returning to Prague; marrying another survivor; and immigrating to Israel in March These additional online resources from the U.

Prostitutes Nowa Sol Memorial Museum will help you learn more about the Holocaust and research your family history.

Prostitutes Nowa Sol Holocaust Encyclopedia provides an overview of the Holocaust using text, photographs, maps, artifacts, and personal histories. Research family history relating to the Holocaust Prostitutes Nowa Sol explore the Museum's collections about individual survivors and victims of the Holocaust and Nazi persecution. This reference provides text, photographs, charts, maps, and extensive indexes.

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Reference questions, including those regarding access to collections, may be directed to reference ushmm. For questions about donating materials, please contact curator ushmm. Please do not send any Prostitutes Nowa Sol until explicitly directed to do so by curatorial staff.

Oral history interview with Hana Paluch. Interviewee Hana Paluch. Date interview: May Language Hebrew. Expand all.

About This Oral History. Keywords and Subjects. Topical Term Antisemitism--Poland. Concentration camp inmates--Religious life. Concentration camps--Psychological aspects. Death marches.

Forced labor. Holocaust survivors. Holocaust, Jewish --Personal narratives. Jewish women in the Holocaust.

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Textile workers. Women concentration camp inmates. World War, Children. World War, Deportations from Poland. World War, Personal narratives, Jewish.

Oral history interview with Artur Posnanski Oral History Artur Posnanski, born on July 30, , in Berlin, Germany, describes his family; being part of a Jewish organization ILI ; working for a Jewish social agency and taking children to Denmark in ; bringing 30 children to Sweden in ; saving his parents eight times from transports; going to Hafilberg in the province of Brandenburg in ; going back to Berlin, where he was conscripted into forced labor; his brother going to Palestine illegally; being transported to camp Monowitz a sub-camp of Auschwitz ; the bombing of his barracks by the English; scarlet fever in the camp; selections in the camps; being moved to Buchenwald; being liberated and the condition of camp at the time of liberation; his post-war family life and immigration to Israel; and his views on post-war Germany.

Yom Kippur. Women--Personal narratives. Geographic Name Australia--Emigration and immigration. Poland--History--Occupation, Personal Name Paluch, Hana. Administrative History. Legal Status Permanent Collection.